Russian scientists are working on the creation of the first artificial neuron in our country, which is necessary for the development of a computer that imitates the human brain. This element is commonly called a neuristor. Previously, experts have already learned how to make memristors that imitate the work of brain synapses. If you combine them with a neuristor, you can get a chip capable of calculating the most advanced neural network algorithms at the physical level at the moment. According to experts, this will open up many opportunities, and in particular, such devices can be installed on robots, drones and other equipment.
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MIPT specialists are developing the first domestic neuristor, an artificial analogue of a neuron, which should become one of the key parts of the future neuromorphic computer that simulates the human brain. Scientists can already make memristors that act as synapses (transmit impulses between neurons), so if they manage to construct an analogue of a nerve cell, it will bring them much closer to the physical embodiment of a neural network.
"We need special chips that can execute all neural network algorithms at the physical level without the need for software processing. This requires special elements: memristors that imitate the work of synapses, and neuristors that simulate neurons. If they are connected the way it works in the human brain, then the newest and most advanced algorithms will be more efficiently and quickly executed "in hardware," said Anton Khanas, a senior researcher at the Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Nanoelectronics.