University of Hong Kong and
Xiamen University created a
nasal-spray vaccine for the flu based on a genetically weakened form of the influenza virus. In early 2020, they engineered the vaccine to produce part of the coronavirus spike protein as well. On Sept. 9, they received
approval to start clinical trials in partnership with
Beijing Wantai Biological Pharmacy. They
registered a Phase 1 trial on March 22, 2021. At a June 11 press conference, a researcher for the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention said that this vaccine has
completed Phase 2 trials.
And on Sept. 22, the researchers registered a Phase 3 trial. The researchers are receiving
$5.4 million in support from CEPI, the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations.
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The Italian biotechnology company
ReiThera has developed a Covid-19 vaccine, called GRAd-COV2, that is based on an adenovirus that infects gorillas. Working in collaboration with the
Lazzaro Spallanzani National Institute for Infectious Diseases in Rome, they found that it produced strong levels of antibodies in
mice and monkeys.
In May, Reuters reported, a court in Italy struck down the government’s plan to fund the Phase 3 trial. The government later said it was
ready to support the vaccine trial, but has yet to offer up the funds. In November 2021, the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation
awarded ReiThera a grant of $1.4 million to continue to develop the vaccine.
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Researchers at
Washington University designed a nasal spray vaccine that can produce high levels of coronavirus antibodies in mice
with just a single dose. It contains a chimpanzee adenovirus engineered to carry the spike protein gene. Phase 2/3 trial was set to begin in a matter of days. (syyskuussa päivitetty)
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Cuba’s
Finlay Vaccine Institute developed a vaccine known as
Soberana 2. It contains a part of the coronavirus spike protein,
fused to a standard tetanus vaccine to make it stable. Soberana 2 also contains aluminum hydroxide as an adjuvant to boost the immune system. On March 3, 2021, the Finlay Vaccine Institute registered a
Phase 3 trial for Soberana 2, with plans to recruit 44,010 participants in Havana.
Välikysymys, miten vitussa jollain kuuballa voi olla pariki version kehitys noin pitkällä?
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After the SARS epidemic in 2002,
Baylor College of Medicine researchers began developing a vaccine that could prevent a new outbreak. Despite promising early results, support for the research disappeared. Because the coronaviruses that cause SARS and Covid-19 are very similar, the researchers revived the project in 2020, working in partnership with the
Texas Children’s Hospital.
On Oct. 13, the Hindustan Times
reported that Biological E was seeking permission to run a Phase 3 trial of Corbevax as a booster for two vaccines authorized in India, Covaxin and Covishield
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Shionogi, a Japanese pharmaceutical giant,
launched a Phase 1/2 trial of a coronavirus vaccine on Dec. 16, 2020. The company developed it in collaboration with the
National Institute of Infectious Diseases and
Kyushu University. The vaccine is based on a coronavirus protein which is produced in insect cells by genetically altered viruses. They combined the protein with an adjuvant to stimulate the immune system.
For months, the trial
advanced slowly and ultimately delivered disappointing results. In the summer, Shionogi
switched to a new adjuvant and started a new Phase 1/2 trial in August 2021. Results from the trial,
released on Dec. 7, showed that the vaccine produced levels of antibodies on par with those in people who recovered from Covid-19.
On Oct. 21, the company
announced that it had moved to a Phase 2/3 trial. Shionogi is also
testing the vaccine as a booster shot.
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